Introduction
Caring for someone living with dementia can be emotionally challenging. Memory changes, confusion and changes in behaviour can affect everyday life—not only for the person living with dementia, but also for the entire family.
While every person's experience is different, the goal of care often remains the same: Help them feel safe, respected, supported and connected.
1. Try Not to Argue or Constantly Correct Them*
Someone living with dementia may:
- Repeat the same question
- Forget recent conversations
- Confuse people or places
- Remember events differently
Constantly correcting them may increase confusion, frustration or distress.
Instead:
- Speak calmly
- Reassure them
- Redirect the conversation when appropriate
- Focus on how they are feeling, not only on whether every detail is correct
2. Keep a Predictable Daily Routine*
A familiar routine can help reduce uncertainty and confusion.
Try to maintain regular times for:
- Waking up
- Meals
- Medication
- Personal care
- Activities
- Rest
- Sleep
Avoid making too many changes at once whenever possible.
3. Make the Home Safer*
As dementia progresses, familiar spaces may sometimes become confusing.
Consider:
- Keeping walkways clear
- Improving lighting
- Reducing clutter
- Removing obvious trip hazards
- Keeping frequently used items in consistent places
- Using simple labels or visual cues where helpful
The exact safety needs may change over time.
4. Communicate Clearly and Calmly*
When speaking:
- Use short, simple sentences
- Give one instruction at a time
- Maintain a calm tone
- Allow extra time for a response
- Avoid overwhelming them with too many choices
Instead of:
“What would you like to do today?”
Try:
“Would you like to sit here or go for a short walk?”
Simple choices can feel easier to process.
5. Encourage Meaningful Activities*
Meaningful engagement can support emotional wellbeing.
Depending on the person, this may include:
- Listening to familiar music
- Looking through old photographs
- Light gardening
- Folding clothes
- Simple games
- Familiar household activities
- Short walks
- Talking about positive memories
The goal is not performance.
The goal is connection.
6. Support Independence Where Possible*
It can be tempting to do everything for someone.
But wherever it is safe and appropriate, allow them to participate in everyday activities.
For example:
- Choosing between two outfits
- Folding towels
- Helping set the table
- Brushing their hair
- Participating in simple routines
Small moments of independence can help maintain dignity and confidence.
7. Watch for Changes in Behaviour*
Sudden changes in behaviour, confusion or alertness may sometimes have causes that need medical attention.
Speak to a qualified healthcare professional if you notice significant or sudden changes.
Avoid assuming that every change is simply “part of dementia.”
8. Take Care of the Caregiver Too*
Dementia care can be physically and emotionally demanding.
Caregivers may experience:
- Exhaustion
- Stress
- Sleep disruption
- Guilt
- Isolation
Asking for help is not failing someone. Sometimes, getting support is what helps you continue caring well.
